• Used to identify isotopes
• ISOTOPES: atoms with same atomic numbers but a diff mass or same number of protons but diff number of neutrons

METHOD:

• Sample is evaporated into a gas before entering the instrument
• Enters IONIZATION CHAMBER where high energy electrons are bombarded to form ions which ionize the molecule to break into smaller fragments.
• The uncharged particles are removed by a vacuum pump and the positive ions enter the ACCELERATION CHAMBER. This is where the +ve ions are accelerated to high speeds by an electric field
• The ions then enter the DEFLECTION CHAMBER where the magnetic field in the chamber deflects the path of the particles according to their mass. Large mass = less deflection

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• Infrared radiation is not enough to move electrons to higher energy levels but is enough to cause changes in the bonds in molecules (e.g. stretching, contracting, bending identifies key components)
• The molecule has different vibrational energy when this happens and IR spect used this to analyse the specific functional groups of the presence of double/ triple bonds present
• Is a qualitative method which measures the amount of energy that the bonds between atoms transmit when exposed to radiation in the infra-red proportion of the electromagnetic spectrum

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• Technique used for identification of different components in a compound using the method of separation
• Stationary phase is the column in which the components will travel through
• Mobile phase is responsible for sweeping the components through the stationary phase
• Rate of movement depends on how strongly it is attracted to the stationary phase and how readily it dissolves in the mobile phase
• The stronger the attraction to the stationary phase, the slower the speed, the more soluble the component in the mobile phase, the faster the speed
• In chromatography adsorption is the attraction of one substance to the surface of another and desorption is the bonds between a substance and the surface its adsorbed to breaking.
• The degree of adsorption of a component depends on the functional groups it carried (level of polarity), the chemical structure of the stationary phase and the size of the molecules
• MORE ADSORBED ONTO STATIONARY PHASE = SLOWER
• LESS ADSORBED ONTO STATIONARY PHASE (MORE ATTRACTED TO MOBILE PHASE) =FASTER

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The last time i tried to bargain with a shop keeper, it failed horribly. And by that i mean i gave in to paying the full price. god, that was a hopeless attempt. My awesome amazing super duper mum is just the opposite, nooo idea how she does it but omg she is a bargaining genius. Saved me 60 bucks on my formal dress today :’) alterations included. I’m glad tomorrow’s mother’s day so i can give her a big thanks through the best way i know how. FOOOOOOOOOOOOD

If you treat everybody the same then what’s the reward for being an exceptionally good friend. think about it.